The Effect of PhET Simulation in the Discovery Learning Model on Junior High School Science Learning Outcomes Compared to the Use of Laboratory Equipment

Abstract

Interactive learning media can provide different learning experiences, particularly in science topics that require experimentation. This study compares the effectiveness of PhET simulation and laboratory equipment within the Discovery Learning model on students’ learning outcomes in Work and Energy. A quasi-experimental design with a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design was used, involving two eighth-grade classes of 32 students each. The experimental class learned using PhET simulation, while the control class used laboratory equipment. Learning outcomes were measured through pretest and posttest and analyzed using an Independent Sample t-Test. The results showed that the experimental class achieved a higher posttest mean score of 84.25 than the control class at 74.44. The t-test result indicated a significant difference between the two groups ( =4.70 > =2.00). These findings suggest that PhET simulation within Discovery Learning can support higher science learning outcomes than the use of laboratory equipment.