Restoratif Justice sebagai Perwujudan Keadilan dalam Prespektif Teori Kemaslahatan (Maqashid Al-Syari'ah)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33477/thk.v19i2.5164Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find out the development of national law in resolving criminal cases for law enforcement officials, both police and prosecutors, and prefer not to prolong the case process and instead invite victims and perpetrators of crimes to resolve them through non-litigation, namely deliberation. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques through library research. The results of the findings of this study, namely, first, the emergence of restorative justice with the existence of a theory of retributive or retaliation in criminal law according to some experts argues that the theory of retaliation is basically not very successful in suppressing the occurrence of crimes and even worse is unable to repair the losses suffered by victims. Second, the settlement of criminal acts through a restorative approach in terms of benefit theory can be said that a conflict or damage arising from a crime is a conflict. And third, the development of criminal law in solving non-litigation issues is also known as the penal mediation system. The application of criminal law practice, penal mediation is considered a derivative of restorative justice, because there is no need to carry out criminal law through the courts.
Keywords: Restorative Justice, Justice and Criminal Law.
Abstrak
Tujuan dalam kajian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui perkembangan hukum nasional dalam menyelesaikan perkara pidana bagi aparat penegak hukum baik polisi maupun Jaksa, dan lebih memilih untuk tidak memperpanjang proses perkara dan justru mengundang korban serta pelaku kejahatan untuk menyelesaikannya melalui non litigasi yaitu musyawarah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam kajian yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil dari temuan kajian ini, yaitu pertama, kemunculan restorative justice dengan keberadaan teori retributive atau pembalasan dalam hukum pidana menurut beberapa ahli berpendapat bahwa teori pembalasan pada dasarnya kurang begitu berhasil dalam menekan terjadinya kejahatan dan lebih parah lagi tidak mampu memperbaiki kerugian yang diderita korban. Kedua, penyelesaian tindak pidana melalui pendekatan restoratif ditinjau dari teori kemaslahatan dapat dikatakan bahwa suatu konflik atau kerusakan yang timbul akibat tindak pidana sebagai suatu konflik. Dan ketiga, perkembangan hukum pidana dalam penyelesaiaan permasalahan non-litigasi dikenal pula dengan sistem mediasi penal. Penerapan praktek hukum pidana, mediasi penal dianggap sebagai turunan dari restorative justice, karena tidak perlu menjalankan hukum pidana melalui pengadilan.
Kata Kunci: Restoratif Justice, Keadilan, dan Hukum Pidana.
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